Square Root Using Prime Factorization


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Square Root Using Prime Factorization

Square Root:  The square root of a number a is that number which when multiplied by itself gives 'a' as the product.

Property:  Negative numbers have no square root in the system of rational numbers.

Explanation:

We have, 2^{2}=4.3^{2}=9,4^{2}=16 and so on.

Also, large (-2)^{2}=(-2)times(-2)=4,(-3)^{2}=(-3)times(-3)=9,

large and;;(-4)^{2}=(-4)times(-4)=16

and so on. This means that the square of a number whether positive or negative is always positive. Consequently, negative numbers are not perfect squares. Hence, negative have no square roots.

Square Root Of a Perfect Square By Prime Factorization

In order to find the square root of a perfect square by prime factorization, we follow the following steps.

STEP I  Obtain the given number.

STEP II Resolve the given number into prime factors by successive division.

STEP III Make pairs of prime factors such that both the factors in each pair are equal. Since the number is a perfect square, you will be able to make an exact number of pairs of prime factors.

STEP IV Take one factor from each pair.

STEP V  Find the product of factors obtained in step IV.

STEP VI  The product obtained in step V is the required square root.

The following examples will illustrate the above procedure.

Illustration 1: Find the square root of 7744 by prime factorization.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

By What number should each of the following numbers be multiplied to get a perfect square in each case? Also, find the number whose square is the new number  :  3675

Right Option : B
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Explanation
Question : 2

By which smallest number 48 must be divided so as to make it a perfect square ?

Right Option : B
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Explanation
Question : 3

By What number should each of the following numbers be multiplied to get a perfect square in each case? Also, find the number whose square is the new number  :  8820

Right Option : A
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Explanation
 
 


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